"It's been two weeks rather than the usual one, because we've been hunting a really annoying VM regression that not a lot of people seem to have seen, but I didn't want to release an -rc4 with it," began Linux creator Linus Torvalds, announcing the 2.6.34-rc4 Linux kernel. He explained, "we had the choice of either reverting all the anon-vma scalability improvements, or finding out exactly what caused the regression and fixing it. And we got pretty close to the point where I was going to just revert it all." Linus continued:

"Absolutely _huge_ kudos to Borislav Petkov who reported the problem and was able to not just reliably reproduce it, but also test new patches to try to narrow things down at a moments notice. The thing took ten days of emails flying back and forth, and Borislav was there all the time, day and night, through several patches that tried to fix it (several real bugs, but not the one he hit) and lots of patches to just add instrumentation to get us nearer to the cause of the problem. And finally, today, confirmation that we actually nailed the problem. So if anybody has been seeing a oops (or sometimes a GP fault) in page_referenced(), that should be gone now."

As for the rest of the changes, Linus noted, "the bulk of the changes come from drivers - a new network driver (cxgb4), but also updates to the radeon and nouveau drivers. And then there is the random updates everywhere." Read on for the full changelog.

Mel Gorman posted the seventh version of his Memory Compaction patches asking, "are there any further obstacles to merging?" The patches, first posted in May of 2007, provide a mechanism for moving GFP_MOVABLE pages into a smaller number of pageblocks, reducing externally fragmented memory. Mel explains that 'compaction' is another method of defragmenting memory, "for example, lumpy reclaim is a form of defragmentation as was slub 'defragmentation' (really a form of targeted reclaim). Hence, this is called 'compaction' to distinguish it from other forms of defragmentation."

The core compaction patch explains that memory is compacted in a zone by relocating movable pages towards the end of the zone:

"A single compaction run involves a migration scanner and a free scanner. Both scanners operate on pageblock-sized areas in the zone. The migration scanner starts at the bottom of the zone and searches for all movable pages within each area, isolating them onto a private list called migratelist. The free scanner starts at the top of the zone and searches for suitable areas and consumes the free pages within making them available for the migration scanner. The pages isolated for migration are then migrated to the newly isolated free pages."

Arnd Bergmann noted that he's working on removing the BKL from the Linux kernel, "I've spent some time continuing the work of the people on Cc and many others to remove the big kernel lock from Linux and I now have [a] bkl-removal branch in my git tree". He went on to explain that his branch is working, and lets him run the Linux kernel, "on [a] quad-core machine with the only users of the BKL being mostly obscure device driver modules." Arnd noted that this effort has a long history, "the oldest patch in this series is roughly eight years old and is Willy's patch to remove the BKL from fs/locks.c, and I took a series of patches from Jan that removes it from most of the VFS."

Arnd noted that his patch adds a global mutex to the TTY layer, which he called the 'Big TTY Mutex' and described as, "the basic idea here is to make recursive locking and the release-on-sleep explicit, so every mutex_lock, wait_event, workqueue_flush and schedule in the TTY layer now explicitly releases the BTM before blocking." Alan Cox suggested that this portion of the patch was best dropped for now, "it would be nice to get the other bits in first removing BKL from most of the kernel and building kernels which are non BKL except for the tty layer. That (after Ingo's box from hell has run it a bit) would reasonably test the assertion that the tty layer has no BKL requirements that are driven by [code] external to tty layer code." Andrew Morton suggested that the patches be pushed upstream to their appropriate maintainers for an additional sanity check, "Seems that there might be a few tricksy bits in here. Please do push at least the non-obvious parts out to the relevant people."